Space Grade 6

Class Notes

Q: What keeps a satellite in orbit around a planet?

A: A satellite is any object that moves around a planet. The Moon is Earth’s natural satellite, and man-made satellites are called artificial satellites.A satellite stays in orbit because of two forces working together:

  1. Gravitational force – the planet pulls the satellite towards itself.

  2. Centrifugal force – the satellite’s motion tries to push it away into space.

When these two forces balance, the satellite keeps moving around the planet in a fixed path called an orbit.

Post-Class Activity (Q&A)

Q1: What is the difference between a natural satellite and an artificial satellite?
A:

  • A natural satellite is made by nature (example: the Moon around Earth).

  • An artificial satellite is made by humans and launched into space (example: INSAT, GPS satellites).

Q2: Why does the Moon not fall down to Earth even though gravity pulls it?
A: The Moon does not fall because its motion creates a centrifugal force that balances Earth’s gravity. So, it keeps moving around Earth in orbit.

Q3: What do LEO, MEO, and GEO mean in satellites?
A:

  • LEO (Low Earth Orbit): Satellites close to Earth (200–2,000 km). Example: Remote sensing satellites.

  • MEO (Medium Earth Orbit): Satellites at medium distance (2,000–35,000 km). Example: Navigation satellites (GPS).

  • GEO (Geostationary Orbit): Satellites very high up (about 36,000 km) that appear fixed at one point in the sky. Example: Communication satellites.

Q4: Give two uses of satellites in our daily life.
A:

  1. For TV and mobile communication.

  2. For weather forecasting and GPS navigation.



Module: Sputnik 1

PRE-CLASS ANALYSIS (Answer by your own)

Q. What do you know about Sputnik -1?
Q. What was the size and weight of Sputnik?


Class Notes

Sputnik sound

Q1. What is Sputnik?

  • Sputnik 1 was the first artificial satellite sent into space.

  • It was launched by the Soviet Union on October 4, 1957.

  • The launch of Sputnik marked the beginning of the Space Age and the Space Race between USA and USSR.

Q2. Who was the man behind Sputnik?

  • The project was led by Sergei Korolev, a famous Soviet rocket scientist.

  • He is known as the “Father of the Soviet Space Program.”

Q3. What were the specifications of Sputnik 1?

  • Shape: A shiny metal sphere with 4 long antennas.

  • Size: About 58 cm (like a beach ball).

  • Weight: Around 83.6 kilograms.

  • Function: It sent radio signals (“beep-beep”) that could be received on Earth.

  • Orbit: It circled the Earth once every 96 minutes.

Post-Class Activity

Q1. Which rocket launched Sputnik 1?

  • Sputnik 1 was launched by the R-7 rocket (also called the Sputnik rocket).

Q2. What were the achievements of Sputnik 1 even after it burned in the atmosphere?

  • It worked for about 3 months and sent valuable data about the Earth’s atmosphere.

  • Proved that humans could send objects into orbit.

  • Started the modern space era and inspired future space missions.

Q3. Which agency launched Sputnik 1?

  • Sputnik 1 was launched by the Soviet Union’s space agency.

  • Today, the successor to that agency is Roscosmos (Russia’s space agency).


    MODULE: THE BASICS OF ELECTRONICS

    PRE-CLASS ANALYSIS (Answer by your own)

    1. What do you know about an electronic circuit?

    2. Have you ever seen the inside of a television, computer, or mobile phone? What did you notice?

    3. Why do you think small gadgets (like calculators) work with very little power compared to big machines (like fans or refrigerators)?

    CLASS NOTES (Q & A)

    Q1. What is the difference between electrical and electronic?

    • Electrical: Deals with the flow of electric current in devices like motors, bulbs, and fans.

    • Electronic: Deals with the control of electric current in small components like transistors, diodes, and chips used in mobiles, computers, etc.

    Q2. What is an electrical circuit?

    • An electrical circuit is a closed path through which electric current flows.

    Q3. What is series and parallel connection?

    • Series Connection: All components are connected one after another. If one part fails, the whole circuit stops working.

    • Parallel Connection: Components are connected side by side. If one part fails, the rest still work.

    Q4. What is Ohm’s Law?

    • Ohm’s Law states that Voltage (V) = Current (I) × Resistance (R).

    Simulate Bread Board Connections

    POST-CLASS ACTIVITY

    Q1. Draw the symbols of electrical equipment.

    Q2. Write the different types of things you need to do practicals.

    • Breadboard

    • Jumper wires

    • Resistors

    • LEDs

    • Battery/Power source

    • Multimeter

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