Space Grade 8

Pre-class Analysis Questions

  1. What existing knowledge do you have about how satellites are used in everyday life (e.g., communication, navigation, weather forecasting)?

  2. Why do you think satellites need multiple systems (communication, power, propulsion, etc.) instead of just one?

  3. How do you think satellites manage to operate when they are not in direct sunlight?

  4. What challenges do you think a satellite might face in maintaining its position and communicating with Earth?

Class Notes

Q1: What are the main systems in a satellite and their uses?

  • Communication system → for transmitting and receiving signals.

  • Power system → for generating and storing energy.

  • Propulsion system → for movement, orbit corrections, and station-keeping.

  • Thermal control system → for regulating temperature.

  • Control & navigation system → for orientation and stability.

Q2: What do you need for communication in satellites?

  • Antennas (to transmit and receive signals)

  • Transponders (to process and relay signals)

  • Ground stations (to link satellite with Earth)

Q3: How do you power satellites?

  • In sunlight → solar panels convert sunlight into electricity.

  • Without sunlight → rechargeable batteries provide stored power until sunlight returns.

Q4: What is propulsion and describe the propulsion system in satellites?

  • Propulsion → the force or system that moves a satellite.

  • Propulsion system → uses thrusters or chemical/electric engines to adjust orbit, change direction, or maintain position.

Q5: What is the thermal system in satellites and how does it work?

  • Thermal system → regulates the satellite’s temperature in space, where conditions vary from very hot (sunlight) to extremely cold (shadow).

  • Methods used:

    • Multi-Layer Insulation (MLI) → reflective foil layers that reduce heat gain/loss.

    • Radiators → release excess heat into space.

    • Heaters → keep components warm in cold conditions.


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